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津堅島 Tsuken Island

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Photo of津堅島 Tsuken Island Photo of津堅島 Tsuken Island Photo of津堅島 Tsuken Island

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Trail stats

Distance
9.86 mi
Elevation gain
374 ft
Technical difficulty
Moderate
Elevation loss
381 ft
Max elevation
171 ft
TrailRank 
59
Min elevation
-11 ft
Trail type
One Way
Moving time
2 hours 42 minutes
Time
4 hours 49 minutes
Coordinates
2511
Uploaded
April 30, 2024
Recorded
April 2024
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near Katsuren-tsuken, Okinawa (Japan)

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Trail photos

Photo of津堅島 Tsuken Island Photo of津堅島 Tsuken Island Photo of津堅島 Tsuken Island

Itinerary description

津堅島の遺跡・史跡巡り
Tsuken Island is accessible from Heshikiya Harbour in Katsuren (Uruma City). Bicycles can be rented from Azuma Store (less than 5 minutes walk from the harbour) for 500 yens a day. The islands includes many archaeological sites of the Kaizuka and Gusuku Periods, as well as sacred sites and ruins of the Kinsei Period.

Waypoints

PictographRuins Altitude 47 ft
Photo of旧津堅島灯台跡・Former Tsuken Island Lighthouse Photo of旧津堅島灯台跡・Former Tsuken Island Lighthouse

旧津堅島灯台跡・Former Tsuken Island Lighthouse

1896(明治29年)に島の南東のカジチ岬建てられた津堅島灯台は沖縄で最初の灯台でした。高さは12mがあったと記録とされていますが第二次世界大戦の10・10空襲 (1944(昭和19)年10月10日の空襲)で破壊された。 その後、村の復興の際の建材として利用されたこともあり、台座の石積みの内部に使われていたレンガのみが遺構として残っています。 Built in 1896 the Tsuken Island Lighthouse was the oldest one in Okinawa. It used to be 12 m high, but was destroyed during the 10/10 Air Raid (October the 10th, 1944). After the war, its materials were used by the inhabitants for the reconstruction and only the brick basements currently remain.

Photo of津堅貝塚・Tsuken Shellmound Photo of津堅貝塚・Tsuken Shellmound Photo of津堅貝塚・Tsuken Shellmound

津堅貝塚・Tsuken Shellmound

津堅貝塚があったところ。 Location of the Tsuken Shellmound (the shellmound has already been excavated).

Photo of亀甲墓・Kamekoubaka Photo of亀甲墓・Kamekoubaka

亀甲墓・Kamekoubaka

道沿いにある亀甲墓 Turtleback-shaped tombs along the road.

Photo of津堅ギガ浜貝塚・Tsuken Gigahama Shellmound Photo of津堅ギガ浜貝塚・Tsuken Gigahama Shellmound Photo of津堅ギガ浜貝塚・Tsuken Gigahama Shellmound

津堅ギガ浜貝塚・Tsuken Gigahama Shellmound

津堅ギガ浜貝塚のところ Location of the Tsuken Gigahama Shellmound (the site has already been excavated)

PictographIntersection Altitude 32 ft
Photo ofペークーガマ入り口・Entrance to the Pēkū-gama Site Photo ofペークーガマ入り口・Entrance to the Pēkū-gama Site

ペークーガマ入り口・Entrance to the Pēkū-gama Site

Photo ofペークーガマ・Pēkū-gama Photo ofペークーガマ・Pēkū-gama Photo ofペークーガマ・Pēkū-gama

ペークーガマ・Pēkū-gama

津堅親方(ペークー)が住んでいた所。「津堅島の記録」による、津堅ペークーはここで津堅赤人に空手や棒術を教えた。 Pēkū-gama is an outcrop of the limestone bedrock showing an erosion line due to a higher sea level in the past, about 1 m above current ground. The "Tsuken Island Chronicles" say that Tsuken Pēkū used to live here and it is the place where he taught Tsuken's inhabitants martial arts. There are several incense burners and praying sites.

Photo ofペークーガマ(奥)・Pēkū-gama uganju (back)

ペークーガマ(奥)・Pēkū-gama uganju (back)

ペークーガマの奥にある拝所。 Uganju (praying site) in the back side of Pēkū-gama

PictographIntersection Altitude 52 ft
Photo ofホートゥガーへの看板・Sign to the Hōtugā

ホートゥガーへの看板・Sign to the Hōtugā

Sign to the Hōtugā

PictographIntersection Altitude 48 ft
Photo ofホートゥガー入り口・Entrance to Hōtugā Photo ofホートゥガー入り口・Entrance to Hōtugā

ホートゥガー入り口・Entrance to Hōtugā

Photo ofマーカー・Mākā

マーカー・Mākā

鍾乳石を祀る拝所。鍾乳石は神の御神体であて、抱き合っている男女の姿に見えるので、子孫養栄の神とされる。 Praying site enshrining a stalagmite shaped like an embracing couple, said to be the embodiement of a god that will give you a prosperous descendance.

PictographFountain Altitude 33 ft
Photo ofホートゥガー・Hōtugā Spring

ホートゥガー・Hōtugā Spring

昔、日照りが続き水不足だった時、いつも鳩が羽根を濡らしていることを不思議に思った島民が、鳩のあとをつけて湧き水を見つけたことから名付けられた泉。 This spring was found during a drought period, when the inhabitants noticed that a pigeon always had its wings wet. They followed the bird and found the spring. The name Hōtugā literally means "Pigeon Spring"

PictographWaypoint Altitude 47 ft
Photo of貝の石敢當・Shell

貝の石敢當・Shell

Shell used to ward off evil set in the wall of a house/

PictographWaypoint Altitude 45 ft
Photo ofニンジンマンホール蓋・Carrot manhole cover

ニンジンマンホール蓋・Carrot manhole cover

PictographIntersection Altitude 91 ft
Photo ofクボウグスク入り口・Entrance to Kubō Gusuku

クボウグスク入り口・Entrance to Kubō Gusuku

PictographReligious site Altitude 100 ft
Photo ofクボウグスク拝所・Praying site in Kubō Gusuku

クボウグスク拝所・Praying site in Kubō Gusuku

道沿いにある拝所、林にはクバが多い。 Praying site along the path. The vegetation also includes many kuba trees often linked to religious activities.

Photo ofコバウノ嶽・Kobau-no-Utaki Photo ofコバウノ嶽・Kobau-no-Utaki

コバウノ嶽・Kobau-no-Utaki

津堅島の四つの御嶽の一つ、 コバウノ嶽(オヅカサノ御イベ)が祀られている。 One of the four utaki of Tsuken Island, related to Kubō Gusuku

Photo ofコバウノ嶽・Kobau-no-Utaki

コバウノ嶽・Kobau-no-Utaki

コバウノ嶽にあるもう一つの拝所。 Another praying site behind the main utaki shrine.

PictographCastle Altitude 112 ft
Photo ofクボウグスク看板・Kubō Gusuku Sign Photo ofクボウグスク看板・Kubō Gusuku Sign

クボウグスク看板・Kubō Gusuku Sign

クボウグスクは、津堅島南西部の海岸に突き出した標高約25mの丘陵上に築かれており、周辺からは、14~15世紀の輸入陶磁器が採集されています。  沖縄県教育委員会のグスク分布調査で発見されたグスクで、歴史や伝承については知られていない。   石積みに覆われたグスクは至る所が藪で、海岸に突き出した地形にも関わらず頂部から海まで見通せない程です。 ただ往時は海上を見るのに適していたであろうと思われる地形や、与勝半島を向いた方角に築かれている事から、与勝半島方面を見張る役割を持っていた。 Kubō Gusuku is built on a hill above the southwestern shore of the island, at an altitude of about 25m. Surrounding sites have yielded material of the 14th to 15th centuries. The gusuku was found during the comprehensive gusuku distribution survey implemented by the prefecture and is not known through any historical source. Given its location and orientation it is likely it was built in order to watch the Yokachi Peninsula of Okinawa Island. The stone walls, in nozura opus are quite well conserved but hardly observable from the path.

PictographCave Altitude 91 ft
Photo of日本軍豪・Tunnel of the Japanese Army

日本軍豪・Tunnel of the Japanese Army

第二次大戦時に日本軍によって塹壕やトーチカが築かれた。 The Japanese army built several military defense points on this hill during WWII, destroying part of the Gusuku.

PictographWaypoint Altitude 110 ft
Photo of祭祀関連遺物・Religious artefacts Photo of祭祀関連遺物・Religious artefacts

祭祀関連遺物・Religious artefacts

捨てられた祭祀(ひぬかん?)関連遺物。 Discarded ceramic artefacts. White ceramic is generally used for hi-nu-kan religious practices (fire god). There generally are fire god altars in gusuku, but I could not find any mention of it anywhere for this particular gusuku, and the ceramic is very recent, similar to the one currently sold in supermarkets of the hi-nu-kan altars.

PictographMonument Altitude 96 ft
Photo of頌徳碑・Memorial

頌徳碑・Memorial

根神輝夫先生の頌徳碑 Memorial of Professor Teruo Negami, who was a teacher in Tsuken Elementary School in the 1930's and 1940's

PictographFountain Altitude 111 ft
Photo ofアラガー・Aragā Spring Photo ofアラガー・Aragā Spring Photo ofアラガー・Aragā Spring

アラガー・Aragā Spring

津堅島のウブガーで、子供が生まれたときの産水はこのカーの水を使いました。また、死者の体を清めるときの水にも使用したと伝えられています。 Aragā was the ubugā of Tsuken Island, from which water used to wash the new borns was drawn. Its water was also used to purify the bodies of the dead people.

PictographMonument Altitude 103 ft
Photo of大東亜戦争没者指名慰霊碑・Memorial for the prople who died during the Pacific War

大東亜戦争没者指名慰霊碑・Memorial for the prople who died during the Pacific War

PictographReligious site Altitude 148 ft
Photo of国森御嶽・Kunimui (Kunimori) Utaki Photo of国森御嶽・Kunimui (Kunimori) Utaki

国森御嶽・Kunimui (Kunimori) Utaki

「琉球国由来記」にいう「国森嶽 神名 イシヅカサ御イベ」が現在の国森御嶽となる。神名は中の御嶽(琉球国由来記では中ノネタテ嶽)と一緒である。  御嶽周辺は島の最高地点になり、近くには水源もあることから、集落の発生地と言われている。  神々へのお通し、区の繁栄を祈願するところである。 The current Kunimori Utaki is mentioned in the Ryūkyū Yuraiki Chronicles as the Kunimui Utaki, the name of the god enshrined being Ishizukasa-u-ibe. The god is the same as the one in Naka-nu-Utaki. The utaki is located in the highest area of the island, where there are water springs, which was the centre of the settlement. This praying site is used in order to ask favours to different gods and to pray for the welfare of the settlement;

PictographWaypoint Altitude 148 ft
Photo ofニンジン展望台・Carrot Observation Tower

ニンジン展望台・Carrot Observation Tower

You're in Carrot Island, go to the Carrot Observation Tower or there's no point !

PictographMonument Altitude 148 ft
Photo of米寿記念日・88 Anniversary Memorial Photo of米寿記念日・88 Anniversary Memorial

米寿記念日・88 Anniversary Memorial

Memorial for two Tsuken Island inhabitants who turned 88 years old.

PictographReligious site Altitude 117 ft
Photo of津堅殿内・Tsuken Dunchi Photo of津堅殿内・Tsuken Dunchi Photo of津堅殿内・Tsuken Dunchi

津堅殿内・Tsuken Dunchi

「津堅島の記録」によると「琉球国由来記」と「琉球国旧記」にある殿(津堅掟家)がこの津堅殿内だという。国森から下がったところに位置し、旧家はこの殿内周辺にあることから集落発生の地だといわれている。神アサギの神を祀る建物である。 戦前はここで神舞が行われていた。今でもウマチー・ウシデークなどの行事がここで行われる。  現在津堅公園の中にある。 According to the Tsuken Island Chronicle, the "Tun (House of the Tsuken Judge)" mentioned in the Ryūkyū Yuraiki and the Ryūkyū-kuni kyūki Chronicles correspond to this Tsuken Dunchi. It is located just below Kunimui Utaki and many old houses remain in the area that is said to be the place where the settlement started. This building enshines the Kami-asagi god. Ritual dances were performed here until the war. Rituals are still performed here for the Umachī and Ushidēku festivals.

Photo of中ぬ御嶽・Naka-nu-Utaki

中ぬ御嶽・Naka-nu-Utaki

中の御嶽は、津堅島の西方トゥマイ浜の中央部に位置し、国森・クボウ・ヒガルと合わせたの四御嶽のひとつで、古くから拝所として保護され、現在も崇拝されています。国森御嶽とこの中の御嶽が同じ神名で、クボウグスクとヒガル御嶽が同じ神名となっています。「琉球国由来記」にいう「中ノネタテ嶽 神名 イシヅカサノ御イベ」が現在の中の御嶽である。 この御嶽には、喜舎場子(キシャバシー)の墓があります。喜舎場子は『遺老伝説』や島の口碑によると、中城郡喜舎場村の喜舎場子が島にたどり着き、ムラ立てをし、人々の日常生活の指導などを行い、豊かなムラづくりに貢献したと伝えられています。  ムラの人々は、喜舎場子を深く崇拝し、敬慕し、墓の所在する中の御嶽を津堅島の祖神として祀っています。 「津堅島の記録」によると、かつては風葬が行われた地域の中にある。 Naka-nu-Utaki is located on the western shore, by the middle of Tumai Beach and is one of the four Tsuken Iskand Utaki with Kunimui, Kobau and Higaru Utakis and is still used as a praying site currently. The same god is enshrined here as is Kunimui Utaki. In the Ryūkyū Yuraiki Chronicles, it is mentioned as Nakanonetate Utaki, with the god's name being Ishizukasano-u-ibe. There is the tomb of Kishibashii (lit. "the child from Kishaba", but "shii" is also the lowest rank in the Ryūkyūan aristocratic hierarchy) inside the utaki. This perdson is said to have come from the settlement of Kishaba in Nakagusuku in Okinawa Island, he founded a settelement in Tsuken and taught many things to the inhabitants that improved their life, so that he is still revered nowadays, and the god enshrined here is considered as the founding god of Tsuken. This area used to be an open-air cemetery.

PictographRuins Altitude 48 ft
Photo of石切場・Stone Quarry

石切場・Stone Quarry

Remains of a limestone quarry on the beach.

Photo ofヒガル御嶽・Higaru Utaki

ヒガル御嶽・Higaru Utaki

ヒガル御嶽は国森・クボウ・中ぬ御嶽と合わせたの四御嶽のひとつ。クボウグスクとヒガル御嶽が同じ神名となっています。 Higaru Utaki is one of the four utakis of Tsuken with Kunimui, Kubō and Naka-nu-Utaki. The god enshrined here is the same as the one in Kubō Utaki.

PictographCave Altitude 53 ft
Photo ofシヌグガマ・Shinugu-gama Photo ofシヌグガマ・Shinugu-gama Photo ofシヌグガマ・Shinugu-gama

シヌグガマ・Shinugu-gama

シヌグガマが沖縄の三線の始祖とされる、赤犬子(阿嘉之子・アカインコ)の生誕の地とされる。津堅島には「身ごもった読谷村楚辺の女性が、身の危険を避けるため津堅に渡り、島のシヌグガマで生んだ子が赤犬子」という伝承がある。赤犬子は琉球王朝第二尚氏、尚真王代(1477~1526年)に仕え、詩や音楽、建築など各方面で活躍し、三線の始祖ともされる。 シヌグガマに通じる道路には黒木(くるち)と呼ばれる三線の棹に使われる黒檀も植樹されていて、民謡のふるさとといった風情を醸し出しています。 Shinugu-gama is the birthplace of Akainku, who is said to have introduced sanshin to Ryūkyū. It is said that a pregnant women from Sobe in Yomitan, whose life was threatened, fled to Tsuken and gave birth in this cave. Akainku became an administrator of the government under King Shō Shin (1477-1526) and became an important figure in the poetry, music and architecture fields. Kuruchi (black trees), that are traditionally used to make sanshins, have recently been planted along the path leading to Shinugu-gama

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