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WASHINGTON'S VICTORY AT YORKTOWN ENDS THE WAR
The War Finally Ends
Understanding
In the spring of 1781, the British general Corn-
VI. Circle the sentence that tells why Cornwallis
wallis marched north into Virginia. He planned to positioned his army on the Yorktown peninsula. capture the colony with the help of other British forces that were already there. But his attempts to
2. Underline the sentence that tells why Washing-
win control of Virginia were unsuccessful. Finally, ton gave up his plans to attack New York.
Cornwallis and his army moved to Yorktown, a
3. Circle twice the sentence that tells why Corn-
small village on a peninsula that jutted out into wallis could not escape from Yorktown by sea.
Chesapeake Bay. He felt sure that position was a safe one. British ships could help in any land battles
4. In what way other than by their warships-did the French help Washington at Yorktown?
he might fight; if a retreat were necessary, British ships could help his troops to escape.
During the time that Cornwallis was trying to win the South, Washington's troops were watching the British at New York City. French troops under the command of General Rochambeau were also watching the British. Washington decided that the time had come to attack New York City. But, just before the planned attack, he received news that a French fleet was sailing for Chesapeake Bay. Im-mediately, he changed his plans. This was his chance to trap the British. The combined French and American forces marched to Virginia.
At about the same time Washington arrived at
Yorktown, the French fleet arrived at the mouth of Chesapeake Bay. They landed about 3,000 more
5. The picture below shows Washington overlooking the battleground at Yorktown. Respond to the following questions based on what is shown in the picture and what you know from the story.
a. What fleet is in the harbor?
France
b. What is there to indicate that the British are surrendering?
White fidd
c. Why is the man at the cannon signaling?
troops. This increased Washington's force to about 17,000. He bombarded Cornwallis's position for about three weeks. Cornwallis could not escape by sea because the French fleet at the entrance of hesapeake Bay kept the British ships from escap-, ing. Moreover, the French defeated a British fleet that had come from New York to rescue Cornwallis.
With all means of retreat cut off, the British position on the peninsula was hopeless.
On October 19, 1781, Cornwallis surrendered.
British rule over the colonies she had founded 174 years before came to an end.
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